Nanomedicine in Targeted Drug Delivery: Recent Progress and Future Prospects

Abstract

Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology in medicine, has revolutionized targeted drug delivery by enabling precise transport of therapeutic agents to specific tissues or cells. By leveraging nanoscale carriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and inorganic nanomaterials, targeted delivery systems can improve drug bioavailability, reduce systemic toxicity, and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Recent progress in stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, surface functionalization, and multi-modal delivery platforms has expanded the potential of nanomedicine in treating cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and infectious diseases. This review explores the principles of nanomedicine-based drug delivery, highlights recent advances, examines challenges in clinical translation, and outlines future directions for next-generation nanotherapeutics.